Why Cats Need to Scratch
Scratching is a core instinctive behavior in cats — not a destructive habit. According to the ISFM position statement, scratching serves multiple functions:
- Claw maintenance: removes the outer dead sheath, exposing sharp new claws underneath
- Territorial marking: scent glands in the paw pads deposit visual and olfactory markers
- Muscle stretching: the motion stretches the forelimbs, shoulders, and back
- Stress relief and emotional expression: cats often scratch when excited, anxious, or upon waking
Both the AAFP and ISFM explicitly oppose declawing and emphasize that providing appropriate scratching equipment is the proper solution (AAFP Position Statement, 2017).
Scratching Pad vs Scratching Post
| Criteria | Scratching Pad (Horizontal / Inclined) | Scratching Post (Vertical) |
|---|---|---|
| Scratching posture | Lying or crouching | Standing stretch |
| Stretch benefit | Moderate | Excellent — full spine extension |
| Stability | Inherently stable on the floor | Requires a wide, heavy base |
| Space requirement | Small footprint | Needs vertical clearance |
| Price range | Generally lower | Moderate to high |
| Replacement frequency | Cardboard wears faster | Sisal and wood last longer |
Wilson et al. (2016), in the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, reported thatmost cats prefer vertical scratching surfaces, mirroring the natural behavior of scratching tree trunks. However, individual preferences vary, so ideally offer both horizontal and vertical options.
Material Comparison: Cardboard, Sisal, and Wood
Corrugated Cardboard
- Most affordable option; cats generally enjoy the texture
- Wears out quickly, produces debris, and needs frequent replacement
- Best suited for horizontal or inclined pads on the floor
Sisal Rope
- The most common material for scratching posts; highly durable
- Provides satisfying resistance; fibers resist unraveling
- Choose natural sisal rather than chemically treated synthetic rope
Wood
- Closest to a natural tree trunk; some cats strongly prefer it
- Most durable but also more expensive
- Select untreated, chemical-free natural wood
Placement Strategy
According to the ISFM Environmental Needs Guidelines, where you place scratching furniture matters as much as how many pieces you provide:
- Near entrances and pathways: cats often scratch at territorial boundaries
- Close to sleeping areas: cats like to stretch and scratch upon waking
- Beside furniture the cat already scratches: offer an attractive alternative and redirect gradually
- At least one per floor: ensure scratching options are always within reach
Wilson et al. (2016) also found that placement matters more than quantity. Situating scratchers in areas where the cat spends the most timesignificantly increases usage rates.
Training Your Cat to Use the Scratcher
If your cat ignores a new scratcher, try the following approaches:
- Apply catnip: sprinkle catnip on the surface to attract exploration
- Interactive play: use a wand toy around the scratcher so the cat contacts it during play
- Positive reinforcement: offer a treat or verbal praise immediately when the cat uses the scratcher
- Never force: do not grab the cat's paws and rub them on the surface — this creates negative associations
- Apply double-sided tape to furniture: reduces the appeal of upholstery and redirects the cat
Per ISFM behavioral guidelines, punishment should never be used to address scratching behavior. Punishment only increases stress and erodes trust without altering the cat's innate need to scratch.
References
- Wilson, C. et al. (2016). Owner observations regarding cat scratching behavior. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 18(8), 791-797.
- AAFP (2017). AAFP Position Statement: Declawing.
- Ellis, S.L.H. et al. (2013). AAFP and ISFM Feline Environmental Needs Guidelines. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 15(3), 219-230.
- ISFM (International Society of Feline Medicine). Scratching Behavior and Environmental Enrichment.
- DePorter, T.L. & Elzerman, A.L. (2019). Common feline problem behaviors: Destructive scratching. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 21(3), 235-243.